The Golden Temple in Amritsar, Punjab, known for its beauty and serenity, began construction in 1574, overseen by the fourth and fifth Sikh Gurus. Completed in 1601, it underwent restoration, and in the early 19th century, under Maharaja Ranjit Singh's patronage, received gold and marble embellishments. Gurdwara Baba Atal Sahib, a nine-story tower, commemorates Baba Atal Rai, Guru Hargobind's son. Gurdwara Baba Deep Singh marks where Baba Deep Singh fought bravely against Afghan invaders. Other significant gurdwaras in Amritsar include Akal Takht Sahib, Gurdwara Santokhsar Sahib, Gurdwara Kaulsar Sahib, Gurdwara Ramsar Sahib, Gurdwara Bibeksar Sahib, Gurdwara Lohgarh Sahib, Gurdwara Pipli Sahib, Gurdwara Chheharta Sahib, Gurdwara San Sahib, Gurdwara Baba Buddha Sahib, Gurdwara Baba Bakala, Gurdwara Shri Baoli Sahib in Goindwal Sahib, Gurdwara Sri Tarn Taran Sahib, and Gurdwara Khadur Sahib.